Εγκυκλοπαίδεια Μείζονος Ελληνισμού, Εύξεινος Πόντος

αναλυτική αναζήτηση

 ΙΔΡΥΜΑ ΜΕΙΖΟΝΟΣ ΕΛΛΗΝΙΣΜΟΥ
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Αναζήτηση με το γράμμα ΑΑναζήτηση με το γράμμα ΒΑναζήτηση με το γράμμα ΓΑναζήτηση με το γράμμα ΔΑναζήτηση με το γράμμα ΕΑναζήτηση με το γράμμα ΖΑναζήτηση με το γράμμα ΗΑναζήτηση με το γράμμα ΘΑναζήτηση με το γράμμα ΙΑναζήτηση με το γράμμα ΚΑναζήτηση με το γράμμα ΛΑναζήτηση με το γράμμα ΜΑναζήτηση με το γράμμα ΝΑναζήτηση με το γράμμα ΞΑναζήτηση με το γράμμα ΟΑναζήτηση με το γράμμα ΠΑναζήτηση με το γράμμα ΡΑναζήτηση με το γράμμα ΣΑναζήτηση με το γράμμα ΤΑναζήτηση με το γράμμα ΥΑναζήτηση με το γράμμα ΦΑναζήτηση με το γράμμα ΧΑναζήτηση με το γράμμα ΨΑναζήτηση με το γράμμα Ω

Genoese in the Black Sea

Συγγραφή : Rakova Snezhana
Μετάφραση : Rakova S. , (proofread.) Lees Christopher , Kaisheva Radmila

Για παραπομπή: Rakova Snezhana, "Genoese in the Black Sea",
Εγκυκλοπαίδεια Μείζονος Ελληνισμού, Εύξεινος Πόντος
URL: <http://www.ehw.gr/l.aspx?id=11936>
Генуезци в Черно море - δεν έχει ακόμη εκδοθεί Γενουάτες στον Εύξεινο Πόντο (2/7/2007 v.1) Genoese in the Black Sea (18/10/2011 v.1) 

ΓΛΩΣΣΑΡΙΟ
 

Banco di San Giorgio
The most important financial institution of the Republic of Genoa, founded in 1407 through the consolidation of Genoa's public debt. The administration of the bank constituted the wealthiest men of the state who had the right to collect a series of taxes. In the 15th century the territorial posessions of Genoa were placed under the bank's administration as guarantees for future loans. The Palazzo San Giorgio built in 1260 was the seat of the bank.

ciguta
Α cargo ship whose characteristics were similar to those of the small linhs so probably it was also a hybrid type of ship just like the linh. The ciguta was typical for the West Black Sea and especially for the Danubian Delta area where a shipyard for chigutoi and pamfyloi existed.

coccha
A vessel that eventually replaced the latin nefs. It is characterized by high sides, relatively flat bottom, rounded bilge and a single square sail, which prohibited sailing into the wind, but could be handled by a small crew. Having originated in the Atlantic, it spread rapidly into the Mediterranean. Some Genoese vessels had as many as three decks with a cargo capacity of about 1000 tons, while Venetians did not build above 720 tons. At some point after the 14th C. the term coccha disappears from the sources and it is replaced by the more general term navis.

commenda
trade company of merchants and agents.

despotes
Title introduced in the 12th century. In administrative hierarchy, the office of despotes was under the emperor and the co-emperor. From the 14th century onwards, the title was given to the governors of the Byzantine Peloponnese.

factoria
trade center of foreign merchants.

Golden Horde
Conventional designation of the state of Ulus Jochi or the Khanate Kipchak. It was a nation, that was a cross of Turcs and Mongolians and lived in the west part of the Mongolian Empire. The Horde flourished from the middle of the 13th century until the end of the 14th century and built up important commercial relationships with the nations of the Mediterranean Sea, especially the Genoese.

griparea – (grippo, gripar, igribār)
Α small lateen-rigged ship which probably have been developed from the Venetian “grippo”. The griparea usually had one mast and was used particularly for trade and fishing. However some Trapezuntine sources refer to griparea as a warship in the fleets of Trebizond.

Ilkhanate
also spelled Il-khanate or Il Khanate (Persian: سلسله ایلخانی), was one of the four major divisions within the Mongol Empire. It was centered in Persia, including present-day Iran, Iraq, Afghanistan, and western Pakistan.

khan (Ilkhan), khagan
This title was used in Turkic and Mongolian languages to designate the supreme ruler. The Byzantines used it to refer to the rulers of the Avars, Khazars, Turks and Bulgarians.

linh – (lignum)
A hybrid type of ship combining features of both oared and sailing, long and round-hulled ships. The use of oars was very helpful in cases of emergencies and for maneuvering in confined waters. The linhs were of small and medium size and were exploited primarily as merchant ships. However some sources attest them as warships as well as pirate ships.

loggia
Property of Italian city states on foreign soil.

maona
The Maona di Chio e di Focea (1346-1566) was formed to exact taxes for Genoa upon the island of Chios and port of Phocaea; Genoa sold the rights to their taxes to the maona, which raised funds from its investors to buy galleys and conquer those places.

nef
Also known as "roundship" (not to be confused with the generic term "round ship" used to dinstinguish merchant vessels from "long" warships). It was a two-masted sailing ship with two or three decks and fighting castles on its rounded stern and bow.

pamphylos (pamphylion)
Α round-hulled vessel that served to ferry war machines and horses. It was both oar- and sail-powered. The number of its oarsmen varied between 130 and 160 men.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

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