A town on the Bulgarian coast of the Black Sea which during the Ottoman period was inhabited mainly by a Greek-speaking population. Agathoupolis was conquered by the Ottomans in 1453 and remained under Ottoman control until 1912, when it was annexed by Bulgaria. After that the city’s Greek inhabitants gradually started abandoning it. During the Ottoman period it developed into an important naval, shipbuilding, merchant and fishing centre, whereas various Greek schools operated there too. It was...

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Small village of farmers in the prefecture of Tulcea, in the region of Dobrudja, Romania. The Greeks settled there following the Russo-Ottoman War of 1828-1829. After communism collapsed in Romania in 1989, a Greek community recognised by the Romanian and the Greek governments was founded there.

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A small port on the southern coast of Bulgaria, inhabited by Turks, Gagauz, Bulgarians and a substantial number of Greeks. It experienced some development as the centre of grain export mainly during the nineteenth century. In the city there existed a notable Greek community until 1906, which maintained one or two lower-class schools intermittently. One of the Greek churches, which belonged to the Greek state, survived till 1940.

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Brăila, a port on the Danube, though accessible also to ships coming from the sea, was the most important harbour for Romanian corn exports during the 19th century. The role of the Greeks of the city with respect to trade and shipping, was dominant, at least until the beginning of the 20th century. The Greek community, which was founded in 1863, erected churches and attended to the establishment of communal educational institutions. It survived until the first years of the post war period and...

Small port on the northwest coast of the Black Sea until the middle of the 19th century, inhabited by Greeks, Turks, Rumanians, Bulgarians and Western Europeans. It became an important mercantile-shipping centre, especially after its annexation to Romania (1878), due to extensive infrastructure works carried out in the docks. As early as 1862, a significant Greek community lived in town, operating schools and a church. Constanţa was also the place where the association “Elpis” was founded, one...

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Danubian port initially part of the Principality of Moldavia, suzerain to the Ottoman Empire, and from 1859 of united Romania, which became an important import-export centre from the early 1830s onwards, when it was connected to the markets of Western Europe. The Greek community, dominated by Chian and Ionian wholesale merchants, was one of the most powerful in the city; since 1864, when it was officially founded, it constructed the church of the Transfiguration and established communal...

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