The Greek presence on the Balkan coast of the Black Sea after the 17th century was made stronger by immigrants who moved there looking for opportunities in trade and shipping business. Its main trait was the dynamism and intense economic activity that was finally brought to an end owing to the formation of the Romanian and Bulgarian national states. New waves of Greeks consisting of Greek civil war refugees were added to the Greek element of the population of both countries towards the close of...

Along the Russian coast of the Black Sea, in many cities of Crimea and the Azov Sea, following the Treaty of Küçük Kaynarca, Greek expatriates settled along the Black Sea (Euxine Pontus) in many cities of the Crimea and the Azov Sea. Occupied with farming and trade, primarily with that of corn, they succeeded in creating thriving communities, establishing churches, schools and community organisations.