The Scythian tumulus of Gaimanova Mogyla, dated to the 4th cent. BC, is the most important one in the necropolis of Gaimanova, the first tribal necropolis in the history of Scythology, where burial customs from all layers of Scythian society are represented.

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Kelermes is one of the most interesting burial monuments in the Hypanis area, featuring the coexistence of a lavish tomb cemetery and a pit-grave cemetery, suggesting the coexistence of differing burial customs and traditions and the relations between the various tribes of this region.

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The monumental tumulus of Kul Oba is one of the most important 4th cent. BC burial monuments of the Cimmerian Bosporus and generally of the northern Black Sea. It is one of the most characteristic grave groups of the local tribal aristocracy, exhibiting significant Greek influences, mainly observable in the very rich burial gifts, which are of a very high artistic value.

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Herodotus in the fourth book of his Histories describes several funerary customs and feasts of the Scythians. Archaeological excavations have also brought to light evidence related to the burials of these tribes. So far there have been investigated not only royal tombs but also graves of the lower classes, which provide researchers with information regarding customs, jewellery tradition, clothing, not to mention the relation between Scythians and Greeks.

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The Sedmimbratni tumuli, also known as the “Tumuli of the Seven Brothers”, belonged to the Sindian aristocracy and constitute the most significant burial complex of Sindice. According to the archaeological finds, they date in the period between the second quarter – mid-5th c. and the first quarter of the 4th c. BC. Along with the tumuli of Nymphaion, they are the earliest burial monuments of the local aristocracy in the region of the Greek cities of the Cimmerian Bosporus.

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The royal tumulus of Solokha, dating to the 4th cent. BC, is a most significant Scythian burial monument of the Ukrainian steppe. It is the central tumulus of an extended Scythian cemetery comprising 75 burials, which are arranged around it in three groups.

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The tumulus of Tovsta, dating to the last quarter of the 4th cent. BC, is one of the largest Scythian royal tumuli ever discovered in the Ukraine. Its burials are representative of the burial customs prevalent among the Scythian tribal aristocracy, and the tumulus is renowned for its rich burial gifts, some of which are exquisite works of art, echoing the rich traditions of the Scythians, and revealing the mythology and mentality of the steppe nomads.

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Group of Scythian-date tumuli near the village of Ulyap, Russia. The earliest tumulus uncovered is dated to the 7th c. BC, but the actual Ulskie monuments were in use from the 6th to the 4th c. BC. Many tumuli of the group functioned as sanctuaries and not burial structures. The excavations yielded rich votive offerings.

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